Avaliação de linhagens e cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo no nordeste. I. Rendimento

Some upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.r. latifolium Hutch.) lines developed by the Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Algodão (CNPA) were tested together with cultivars developed by CNPA and by other research institutions in the country. Seed cotton yield was studied utilizing data from the regional cotton variety tests. Seeds were planted in a complete randomized block design with nine treatments and eight replications. The test was  conducted at 21 different localities of Northeast of Brazil, in 30 experiments in the period of two years: 1980/81 and 1981/82- The cultivar BR 1 and lines CNPA 77-149, CNPA 77-150 and CNPA 76-6873 had the highest seed cotton yield; the last one was the most productive with an average of 1,457 kg/ha in 21 out of the 30 experiments, surpassing the two control varieties BR 1 and IAC 17 by 8% and 15%, respectively.Foram estudados os comportamentos das novas linhagens de  algodoeiro herbáceo (Gossypium hirsutum L.r. Latifolium Hutch.) desenvolvidas pelo Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Algodão (CNPA), frente às cultivares em uso, originárias do próprio CNPA e de outras instituições de pesquisa do País. Observou-se o aspecto de rendimento de algodão em caroço, utilizando-se os dados fornecidos pelos ensaios regionais de linhagens e cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo delineados em blocos ao acaso, com nove tratamentos e oito repetições e conduzidos em 21 diferentes localidades do Nordeste do Brasil, num total de 30 experimentos, nos anos agrícolas 1980/81 e 1981/82. A cultivar BR 1 e as linhagens CNPA 77-149, CNPA 77-150 e a CNPA 76-6873 apresentaram as maiores médias de rendimento em algodão em caroço, mormente esta última, que, participante em 21 dos 30 ensaios, apresentou uma média geral de 1.457 kg/ha, produzindo cerca de 8% e 15% mais que as testemunhas BR 1 e IAC 17, respectivamente

Lateral decubitus for treating pertrochanteric fractures using cephalomedullary nails

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To perform a retrospective radiographic evaluation on the fracture reduction and implant position in the femoral head among patients with pertrochanteric fractures who had been treated using a cephalomedullary nail in lateral decubitus; and to assess factors that might interfere with the quality of the fracture reduction and with the implant position in using this technique. METHODS: Nineteen patients with a diagnosis of pertrochanteric fractures of the femur who had been treated using cephalomedullary nails in lateral decubitus were evaluated. For outpatient radiographic evaluations, we used the anteroposterior view of the pelvis and lateral view of the side affected. We measured the cervicodiaphyseal angle, tip-apex distance (TAD), spatial position of the cephalic element in relation to the head, and the bispinal diameter. To make an anthropometric assessment, we used the body mass index. Two groups of patients were created: one in which all the criteria were normal (TAD ≤25 mm, cervicodiaphyseal angle between 130° and 135° and cephalic implant position in the femoral head in the central-central quadrant); and another group presenting alterations in some of the criteria for best prognosis. RESULTS: Female patients predominated (57.9%) and the mean age was 60 years. Seven patients presented a central-central cephalic implant position. One patient present a cervicodiaphyseal angle >135° and the maximum TAD was 32 mm; consequently, 12 patients presented some altered criteria (63.2%). None of the characteristics evaluated differed between the patients with all their criteria normal and those with some altered criteria, or showed any statistically significant association among them ( p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: The technique described here enabled good reduction and good positioning of the implant, independent of the anthropometric indices and type of fracture

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora